The National Association of City Transportation Officials, Inc. (NACTO)consists of fourteen largest U.S. cities (Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and Washington, DC). Its mission is to encourage the exchange of transportation ideas, insight, and practices among large central cities; as well as to foster a cooperative approach among these cities to coordinate efforts on key national transportation issues. NACTO has a sister organization known as IMPACTS (Information Management Policies Assessment for City Transportation Systems), through which it exchanges information related to transportation with city official counterparts in 11 European cities (Athens, Barcelona, Berlin, Brussels, Geneva, Göteborg, London, Madrid, Paris, Rome, and Vienna). The Rudin Center provides ongoing policy and research support to NACTO.